Portfolio Theory and Banks :: Finance Financial Essays

Portfolio Theory and Banks Over the years competition in the financial industry has been really high. Banks turn out been competing harder over market shares and profits. These firms have of late been facing a very unique challenge how to extract high levels of profit while lock in maintaining their foundations as lending institutions. Lending is not a very profitable business, the run a risk of default coupled with the competition driving down market prices have made lending a less attractive enterprise. Therefore some banks are trying to concentrate on their more profitable activities (i.e. advisories, debt and equity sales, mergers and acquisitions). merely to be able to extract this sort of business requires banks to engage in loans. Without loans customers have no incentive to do business with them, since one of their primary need is to finance their commercial activities through debt. Portfolio theory gives these lending institutions a tool to minimize the risks and hazards of lending. Portfolio theory was first published by Fischer Black and Myron Scholes in 1973. This seat provided banks with a strategy on how to diversify their loans and investments. Before this, banks had no real investment strategy and their only option was to obtain as much verificatory as possible and make default an unattractive option. Portfolio Theory allows companies or investors to diversify their investment so to minimize risk and maximize gain. The principle undersurface the Black Scholes model is to diversify your equity so that your lowest risk bond produces the same risk as your highest risk investment. When your investments have reached this equilibrium, then risk minimization has been achieved.1 1 www.kmv.com/K like a shotledge_Base/public/general/white/Portfolio_Management_of_default_Risk.pdf What is the Black - Scholes model? The model also called portfolio theory works under the following assumptions 1) Price of the underlier is lognormal ly distributed 2) No feat costs 3) Markets trade continuously 4) Risk-free rate is constant and the same for all maturities.1 The model was first used for simple put and call options and now has been expanded for use with other financial instruments. This model is a mathematical model and certain variables are needed for the formula to work. These variables are the stock price, usance price, time to maturity, volatility, and price of a discount bond that matures when the option does.

William Carlos Williams :: essays research papers

William Carlos Williams was born September 17, 1883 in Rutherford, N.J. His father had emigrated from Birmingham, England, and his mother from Puerto Rico. He was admitted in 1902 to the medical prepare of the University of Pennsylvania, where he met deuce poets, Hilda Doolittle and Ezra Pound. A long term friendship ensued between Pound and himself, such that Williams said he was able to divide his life into two distinct segments Before Pound and After Pound.1 From 1906 to 1909 Williams did his internship in New York City, writing verse in between patients. His first book was published in 1909, fair(a) before a trip to Leipzig to study pediatrics. In the following years Williams wrote not only poems, however short stories, novels, essays, and an autobiography. In 1946 he began Paterson, an attempt to save an epic poem about the city. Williams died in 1963, while working on the sixth book of Paterson. William Carlos William Carlos Williams based his life on helping the poor and every last(predicate) aspects of the adult male world that appealed to him were in their most basic form. What appealed to Williams was not the glitzy and glamourful, but the adjust qualitites sometimes being old and worn out. He found that experience was more important the materialistic qualities. Many of his poems explore nature and use it to explore and explain human behavior as he sees it through his ingest eyes. A few of these poems that use simplistic language to paint a very descriptive and clear picture of other aspects of life are bop Song, Apology, Pastoral, and Tract all produced by William Carlos Williams. But there were few things which were very specific and stood out in his works. All these poems use nature to explore aspects of human life. A theme which exists in all of these poems and most of Williams literature is the simplicity of the language he uses. Many believe he did that in order to discern himself from other poets of his time. Most people believe his justification for the simplicity of his language was because he wanted to stand out, be remembered, and be praised. I agree with them, but maybe its just the kind of language that appealed to him and he thought would appeal to others as well. The first poem entitled Apology portrays that quality of looking for the true aspects of nature and humans, not the materialistic ones.

Essay on Blame in Shakespeares King Lear -- King Lear essays

King Lear is To Blame   In William Shakespeares play, King Lear, the main character, King Lear, claims to be a man more sinned against than sinning(3.2.60-61). Though a good king, King Lears own actions cause his family and kingdom to fall apart. The sins committed against King Lear are a result of his personal faults of rashness, blindness, and foolishness.   King Lears hot temper and hasty decisions play a significant role in his fall from grace. His old age has caused him to pretend impulsively, without any consideration for the consequences of his actions. When Lear asks his devoted daughter Cordelia to express her love for him, he becomes upset with her because she cannot put her feelings into words. He does not realize that she cares deeply for him and disowns her by saying, hither I disclaim all my paternal care, propinquity and property of blood, and as a stranger to my heart and me hold thee from this for ever (1.1.120-123). It is only later, when Cordelia has lef t him, that Lear realizes he had made a wrong decision. In another fit of rage, Lear ...

Ruffies The Date Rape Drug :: Papers

Ruffies The Date Rape DrugTheyre called roofies, R-2s, rib, rope, The Club Drug, Mexican Valium. Theclinical name is Flunitrazepam, but its the effect that is important. Its called the date rape drug beca economic consumption one of its most frightening and dangerous usesis to commit sexual encounter a drug slipped into a bedevil without the dupes get alongledge. Roofies are tasteless, colorless, odorless, and they dissolve in liquid within seconds. When the drug is taken or ingested only it creates a drunk-like state when used withother drugs such as alcohol it can become a lethal mix. A year before he killed himself,rock star Kurt Cobain was in a coma and nearly died after taking Rohypnol.The effects include dizziness, confusion, stomach upset, temporary paralysis, blackoutand amnesia. The drug renders its victim helpless there is loss of control, loss ofinhibitions, an inability to know whats happening. Effects begin within a few minutes and last up to 12 hours, depending on t he amountingested. The victim goes in and out of consciousness, aware of some things, totally unaware ofothers. Its the perfect agenda for sexual entrancement on an unwilling victimHow to Protect Yourself The drug is odorless, tasteless, and colorless. You simply cannot tell if a roofie has beenplaced in your drink. There have been numerous reports of rapes following use of the drug by unknowingvictims. Because of the potential for abuse, observe these precautions 1. neer accept a drink from someone you dont know and TRUST. Order sloshed drinks you can open yourself. Watch the bartender make your drink and dont use wait-people. 2. Never forswear your drink unattended. ALWAYS keep your drink in your hand,not left on the bar or table. Take your drink to the rest room with you, or Give your drink to someone you know you can trust. If you do leave your drink unattended, order a new one. 3. Use the buddy system Tell your friends where you are at a party. Never l eave without accounting for those you came with. Watch your friends drinks if theyre not alert. Have a designated driver. 4. If you hear someone in your group kidding about date drugs, pay assistanceoften someone planning to use a drug jokes about it, trying to get a reactionfrom others. This should be a warning leave the company of that person.

Finding Truth in Constructivist Psychotherapy Essay -- Psychotherapy S

Finding Truth in Constructivist Psychotherapy Science is a bend of the human mind. The theories, approaches, and methods that are used in any scientific field have gradually developed over time to become an objective sample of valuation. As experience continues to evolve, new approaches to obtaining knowledge about the world around us must(prenominal) be considered, and at the same time these new approaches must be evaluated within the present context of what is considered to be science. In doing so, conflict and confusion will arise as new archetypes meet the critical evaluation of the old. The appraisal of and criticism of a new approach to psychological therapy is whiz example of such a situation. By looking at the evaluation of constructivist psychotherapy, one can bring this conflict and confusion into the light of understanding. Since its dawning at the turn of the century, psychotherapy has faced a myriad of objections in regard to its rigor as a scientific practice. With the introduction of psychoanalysis in the late 1800s, Freud opened the doors to a field that would mature as the next one ampere-second years progressed. Throughout its evolution, psychotherapy has been evaluated for its capacity to deal with clients on an individual basis and at the same time maintain the objective viewpoint which science requires. In what Robert Neimeyer considers a postmodern context of scientific, social and political themes, a new philosophical approach to psychotherapy has developed. This approach, called constructivism, is based on a subjective interpretation of reality and how that interpretation affects human thought processes. In An Appraisal of Constructivist Psychotherapies, Neimeyer looks at how constructivism has devel... ...ury. The world of classical Newtonian physics was turned upside smoothen and inside out with the arrival of a new class of physicists and astronomers. At the head of that class was a young German scientist named Einstein, who with his theory of relativity redefined our concept of mass, energy, and the like. Now that we bring the second half of this century to a close, perhaps psychology is also ready for such a revolution. Certainly, parallels can be do to what is currently going on in the world of psychotherapy. New approaches are developing under the influence of a changing social conscience. The classical approaches to longanimous therapy revolve around traditional cognitive perspectives, which follow a linear, systematic set of guidelines. The constructivist approach to is a much more complex, yet encompassing smorgasbord of psychotherapy that deserves continual exploration.

Finding Truth in Constructivist Psychotherapy Essay -- Psychotherapy S

Finding Truth in Constructivist Psychotherapy Science is a construction of the human mind. The theories, approaches, and methods that are used in any scientific range have gradually developed over time to become an objective standard of evaluation. As science continues to evolve, new approaches to obtaining knowledge about the world nearly us must be considered, and at the same time these new approaches must be evaluated within the present context of what is considered to be science. In doing so, passage of arms and confusion will arise as new concepts meet the critical evaluation of the old. The appraisal of and criticism of a new approach to psychological therapy is single example of such a situation. By looking at the evaluation of constructivist psychotherapy, one can bring this conflict and confusion into the light of understanding. Since its dawning at the turn of the century, psychotherapy has faced a myriad of objections in regard to its validity as a scientific practi ce. With the introduction of psychoanalysis in the belatedly 1800s, Freud opened the doors to a field that would mature as the next one hundred years progressed. Throughout its evolution, psychotherapy has been evaluated for its capacity to deal with clients on an individualist basis and at the same time maintain the objective viewpoint which science requires. In what Robert Neimeyer considers a postmodern context of scientific, social and political themes, a new philosophical approach to psychotherapy has developed. This approach, called constructivism, is based on a subjective interpretation of reality and how that interpretation affects human thought processes. In An appraisal of Constructivist Psychotherapies, Neimeyer looks at how constructivism has devel... ...ury. The world of classical Newtonian physics was turned upside down and inside out with the arrival of a new class of physicists and astronomers. At the head of that class was a young German scientist named Einstein, who with his theory of relativity redefined our concept of mass, energy, and the like. Now that we bring the second half of this century to a close, perhaps psychology is also ready for such a revolution. Certainly, parallels can be made to what is currently going on in the world of psychotherapy. New approaches are developing under the influence of a changing social conscience. The classical approaches to patient therapy revolve around traditional cognitive perspectives, which follow a linear, dictatorial set of guidelines. The constructivist approach to is a much more complex, yet encompassing form of psychotherapy that deserves continual exploration.

Facebook Addiction

FACEBOOK ADDICTION SPEECH GOAL I WOULD LIKE MY AUDIENCE TO UNDERSTAND THAT FACEBOOKING IS ADDICTIVE. INTRODUCTION WHO DOESNT HAVE ANY FACEBOOK ACCOUNT? about OF US ARE ON FACEBOOK BECAUSE EVERYBODY IS IN IT. RIGHT? TODAY, I WANT TO SHARE LITTLE THINGS ABOUT HOW THIS AFFECTS OUR DAILY LIFE. FACEBOOK ALLOWS US TO STAY CONNECTED WITH cardinal ANOTHER, EXPRESS OURSELVES THROUGH PROFILE ACTIVITIES, INTERESTS, MUSIC, ETC. THIS alike ALLOWS US TO SEE OUR FRIENDS THAT WE HAVENT TALKED FOR A QUITE WHILEAND A GREAT ADVANTAGE FOR THOSE WHO ARE bread and butter FAR AWAY FROM THEIR HOME TOWN WITH RELATIVES AND CLOSE FRIENDS. FACEBOOK HELPS US TO BUILD OUR SOCIAL LIFE SINCE WE COULD INTERACT WITH OUR MUTUAL FRIENDS WITH OTHERS AND MAY START A total REALTIONSHIP WITH THEM. FACEBOOK GIVES US SO MUCH REASONS TO JOIN THE SITE, TO SIGN IN, AND NOT TO LOG OUT. IT HAS SO MANY FEATURES THAT A person CAN DO IN star SITE SUCH AS playing ONLINE GAMES ON FACEBOOK TO directHER WITH YOUR FRIENDS AND R AISE YOUR FARM ON FARMVILLE.SPEAKING OF FARMVILLE, ONCE YOUVE STARTED TO PLAY THAT GAME, YOU WOULD HAVE TO MAINTAIN YOUR FARM FOR YOUR ANIMALS AND IT WOULD GET INTENSE WHEN YOU START LOSING YOUR COINS AND SO ON. I big businessman NOT HAVE PLAYED THE GAME BUT BASED ON MY INTERVIEW FROM A PERSON WHO ACTUALLY SPEND HIS WHOLE NIGHT ON FARMVILLE, THOSE WERE THE ONLY THINGS HE COULD SAY ABOUT FARMVILLE AS I ASKED HIM, HE WAS QUITE BUSY PLAYING IT. A LOT OF FUN APPLICATIONS YOU CAN USE ON FACEBOOK WHEN YOU GET BORED. BUT THESE COOL APPLICATIONS TAKES A PERSONS VALUABLE TIME apply IT.ONCE YOUVE START USING ANY APPLICATION ON FACEBOOK, YOUD HAVE TO GET TIME TO MAINTAIN A CERTAIN LEVEL AND NOT TO LOSE YOUR POINTS. THESE TIME OF HOURS YOURE SPENDING ON ONE APPLICATION CAN ALREADY MAKE ONE SET OF DINNER ROLLS FOR SNACKS. AND NOT ONLY THAT, OF COURSE, afterwards PLAYING YOUD GONNA CHECK YOUR NOTIFICATIONS AND NEWS FEEDS. THEN, YOU MIGHT ALSO LOOK AT YOUR FRIENDS NEW picS AND GIVE ATTENTION T O SOME NEW POSTS AND MOST LIKELY GIVE A COMMENT ON SOMEONES WALL. A QUESTION FOR EVERYBODY WHOS ON FACEBOOK, DO YOU USE FACEBOOK FOR 5 MINUTES OR MORE THAN 20 MINUTES?BESIDES USING FACEBOOK ON YOUR PC, DO YOU ALSO OPEN IT ON YOUR SCHOOLS LIBRARY OR YOUR CLASSMATES LAPTOP, OR EVEN ON YOUR MOBILE DEVICE MORE THAN ONCE PER DAY? IF YES, YOU ARE A FACEBOOK ADDICT. YOU leave behind ALSO FIND YOURSELF LOOKING UP TO OTHERS PROFILE, CHECKING ALL THEIR ACTIVITIES, MIND OTHER PEOPLES BUSSINESSES BETWEEN HOURS OF COMMITTED TO WORK. NOT ONLY THAT, YOU WOULD ALSO FEEL THAT LIFE WITHOUT FACEBOOK IS all WORTHLESS. BASED ON MY OWN EXPERIENCE, I STARTED OUT SIMPLE ON FACEBOOK, KEEP IN TOUCH WITH MY FRIENDS, CHECK NOTIFICATIONS AND MESSAGES AND THEN LOG OUT AFTER 5 MINUTES.BUT NOW, ITS ALREADY A MIRACLE IF I GET OFF AFTER 15 MINUTES. I GET INVOLVED IN MY FRIENDSS LIVES THAT I ALMOST snub THINGS IN MY PERSONAL LIFE. ALL MY HOMEWORKS WERE PILED UP BECAUSE I GET LOST ON FACEBOOK. I tell myself that I am only going to repel on for five minutes however, as soon as I look at the News Feed, its all downhill from there. I SEE MY FRIENDS NEW UPLOADED PHOTO ALBUM AND I MUST SEE ALL THE PHOTOS INSIDE IT. NEXT THING I KNOW 5 MINUTES BECOMES 30 MINUTES TO AN HOUR.I commence so interested with my friends activities that I dont consider the time I spend on Facebook. I could be doing my homework or something more productive, but kinda I am consumed with Facebook to the point where I wonder if it is an addiction. BEFORE IT REACHES TO A POINT WHERE IT WILL LEAVE US IN A COLD attempt WHEN WERE LOGIN OUT ON FACEBOOK, WE SHOULD Get off the computer WHEN WE GET BORED, INSTEAD GO FOR A WALK, HIT THE GYM OR SEE A MOVIE. in that location IS SO MUCH MORE TO DO IN LIFE THAN WATCH OUR HATCHING EGG GROW. REALLY

Swot Vodafone

Email Developing a total communication strategy in the uk market 1. INTRODUCTION This treat will critically analyse the extraneous environment of the wandering(a) phone floozies sedulousness with the application of appropriate strategy tools including PESTEL and Michael Porters five forces models. An immediate result of this would be the identification of opportunities and threats that may arise from transfer in environmental factors and assessment of the attractiveness of the industry respectively.The report will to a fault analyse critically, the strategic capability of Vodafone, also applying appropriate strategy tools resulting in the identification of key strengths and weaknesses of the firm. The aim here will be to identify and discuss the core competences the firm possesses. To aid the analysis, the report will draw on information from various sources such as The Vodafone cause education on page 557 in the main(prenominal) textbook by Johnson, Scholes and Whittington, Exploring Strategy 9th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2011. another(prenominal) sources include Keynotes, Mintel and Magazines. . QUESTION ONE PESTEL, KEY DRIVERS AND MICHAEL PORTERS 5 FORCES 2. 1 PESTEL The PESTEL framework is used for the analysis and according to Johnson, Scholes and Whittington (2011), it fork overs a comprehensive list of influences on the realizable success or failure of particular strategies. Discussed below atomic number 18 a few issues of PESTEL, please see appendix for other issues. Political/Legal factors Governments privatisation(through Ofcom) of the arena telephone company, BT, compelling it to allow access to its network (via Openreach) for voice and broadband.This has helped to break down BTs monopoly thereby creating an opportunity for brisk operators to operate and at competitive rates. (case study p. 558) Economic factors a. The UK economy has still not fully recovered from the financial crisis of 2008, recovering even slower than other countries amidst huge government resuscitation efforts and even consumer spending is expected to decline by 0. 6 per capita in 2011(the Telegraph, May 2011). This is a threat to the industry as, the slower the economic recovery, the slower the market growth for the mobile operators industry. b. Though the case study(p. 58) verifys that personal disposal income growth as experienced between 2002 and 2007 was forecasted to resume in the future, recent developments suggest otherwise. Now the future is here, reports say household incomes are falling(NewStatesman, May 2011 and Mail Online, May 2011 ). This is a threat to the mobile industry as it means less income at the disposal of households, thence less subscribers to its services. Social factors a. Consumer need for converged services, such as mobile telephony, stiff line telephony, television and broadband internet, was increasing(case study p. 558).This means an opportunity for mobile operators to round their market as more people are coming on board with this convergence need which could be a result of the plunge in disposable income so people want all services in one and pay a lower lump sum for all in a bid to ration their income. b. A decline in UK frosty line telephone market as households were becoming mobile-only users. This is an opportunity for mobile operators to clutch the market share of fixed line telephone operators in a bid to expand theirs. c. Consumer perceived prestige that comes with owning insolentphones is an industry opportunity.For example, everyone wants to meet an IPhone, HTC or blackberry because they are cool or for other reasons, so operators in the industry crapper capitalize on this and increase their market share by offering brassy deals. d. Consumer hype for new and modern technologies as everyone wants to have the latest thing in technology. This would create an opportunity for the industry to capitalize on and expand their market share. Technological factors a. developme nt of new technologies, IP(Internet Protocol) for voice, data and video transmission(case study p. 557).The dynamic nature of technology is posing a threat as operators may be stuck with obsolete technology thereby facing a challenge to be pro-active in straddle to retain market share and keep dig rates at bay. b. continue upgrading of speeds over mobile networks poses a threat as operators have to keep up with the upgrading of speeds because they might loose customers to service providers who can offer better speeds. environmental factors As a result of advancement in telecommunications technology, mobile operators have to replace network equipments and hazardous wastes(masts, cables, construction waste etc)frequently.Mobile operators are then set about with the challenge of finding energy efficient ways of recycling which may also be capital intensive, altogether posing a threat. Legal factors a. Ofcoms payoff of licences for additional mobile network operators will pose a thr eat to incumbent operators( as their market share is threatened) and be an opportunity to potential operators as this will lower entry barriers for them. b. Elaborate legal contracts can also be a threat to the industry as lots of legal obligations have to be satisfied prior to and afterwards entry.Drawing up different phone contracts for different mobile packages can prove challenging for the operators. 2. 2 KEY DRIVERS FOR mixed bag Socio-cultural issue Consumer need for converged services Consumer needs(which has led Virgin Media to provide multiple services such as the quad play and others providing the triple play) change from while to time and even some firms will try to create the needs for the consumers thereby pushing the industry towards finding ways to satisfy these needs as the market expands. This is one of the major drivers of change for the industry.Technological issue Development of new Technologies The dynamic nature of technology will keep operators findings way s to stay frontward of competitors by developing new technologies such as the IP, digitising high-speed distribution of voice, data and video over multiple networks. 2. 3 MICHAEL PORTERS 5 FORCES ANALYSIS a. bane of entry (low) The barrier of initial capital cost of entry may be daunting but the regulatory changes in the UK communications industry by Ofcom saw the issuance of licences to more mobile operators and also allowing MVNOs to ease network capacity without the capital cost of physiqueing their own hence reducing barriers to entry. This has also led to increase in the number of competitors. b. Threat of substitutes (low/moderate) Considering the advantages of mobile connections (make calls, sending messages/data, music etc), substitutes would be the fixed line connections, skype(or VOIP) on broadband, radio airwaves, phone booths or simply go without. With the fixed line connections, Ofcom reported that the number of lines dropped from 34. 9million in 2003 to 33million in 2009.Call minutes had also decreased by 15% from 167billion to 138billion over the same(p) period with mobile minutes expected to exceed fixed line minutes in 2010(Case study p. 558). A report on Broadband intelligence activity also says that mobile broadband will overtake fixed line connections in 2011. (Broadband Choices 2009). It is likely that the trend will continue in this way, considering the convenience offered by mobile connections, of being able to make a call on the move. c. Competitive rivalry (high) One of the aims of Ofcom is to ensure healthy opposition among operators which saw a rapid growth in the number of competitors.The major competitors in the industry are Vodafone, Telefonica O2, Orange, 3 UK and Tmobile plus lots of MVNOs. According to the case study, wireless operator margins in the UK were up because of strong competition(p. 559). d. Buyer power (moderate) The main buyers from the industry are households(individuals) and businesses. According to case stu dy(p. 559), average churn(customer switching) rates in the market was 20% annually due to the introduction of number portability in 2007 and competitive tactics such as subsidising handsets for subscribers. Customers would switch operators for better offers or added value for their money.To counter this churn rate, most operators have found a way to switch post-paid customers to longer contracts of 18months or even 24months as at 2009. A recent 2011 report (Sim-only deals, 2011) highlights other reasons for low switching rates including providers loyalty programme and value for money SIM only deals which altogether gives them the power to make customers stay. e. Supplier power (moderate) The main suppliers to the industry would be the handset makers and Ofcom. Major handset suppliers such as Nokia with 40% of UK handset market and Samsung,21%, supply handsets to the industry under global contracts(case study p. 59). There are more suppliers today including Apple, which is another fa st festering supplier as their phones are deemed trendy and a must-have because of its innovative features. Sony-Ericsson, Samsung are among the gobs of others. The case study p. 559 says mobile handset sales had experienced a decline in 2009 as UK wireless operators started to offer sim-only plans which allow consumers to retain their contemporary handset and pay lower monthly tariffs. Ofcom on the other hand is the sole provider of spectrum. ATTRACTIVENESS Based on the evidences from the five forces, the report concludes that the industry is attractive.This being that, though rivalry is high, but other threats and powers are low. Essentially incumbents or new operators can then focus only on competition and worry less about powers and other threats. 3 QUESTION TWO STRATEGIC CAPABILITIES OF VODAFONE According to Johnson et al. (2011), Strategic capabilities are capabilities of an organization that contribute to its long-term option or competitive advantage made up of two compon ents Resources, which are assets the company has or can call upon and Competenceswhich are ways in which those assets are used or deployed effectively. 3. 1 RESOURCES AND COMPETENCES piece Resources Vodafone has had a history of experienced CEOs including Arun Sarin(resource), who was skilled in achieving growth in developing markets(competence/strength). Also, Gary Laurence(resource), head of Vodafone UK, appointed CEO in September 2008 was k forthwithn for his ability to identify strategic options(competence/strength) and the current CEO, Vittorio Colao(resource) who succeeded Arun in 2008 is known for strong reputation as cost cutter. (competence/strength). (Case study page 563) Vodafones league with BT(resource) hosting BTs MVNO, allowed it to provide services to corporations. competence/strength). It started a joint feign with O2(resources) which enabled it to extend its fixed-line network. (competence/strength). Vodafone, in its target of business travelers with passport ser vices(resources), was able to offer home body politic voice rates while roaming in Europe and mobile data services for ? 10 a day(competence/strength). (case study page 563) Financial Resources Financial public presentation of Vodafone (a) ROCE(Return on Capital Employed) measures the returns made from all forms of resources or capital employed in the business.Vodafones resources are the capital employed and its competence is shown in the amount of returns generated from use of goods and services these capital. Vodafones ROCE plunged by 3. 73% to give a ROCE in 2010 of 19. 85. This may be slightly better than industry average but it shows a weakness to efficiently utilise resources to yield maximum profits. Vodafone 2010 2009 Industry ROCE 19. 85 20. 59 19. 48 reservoir. Morning Star Stock Report. (b) Current ratio measures a companys efficiency at meeting its short term obligations.A good ratio would be for current liabilities to be covered at least once but Vodafones current assets(resources) can barely cover 50% of its liabilities in 2010 though it improved from previous year. On the whole, this is a weakness as the company is low on liquidity and incurring too much liabilities in terms of its short term borrowings. Vodafone Plc 2010 2009 Industry Current Ratio 0. 501 0. 471 Source Morning Star Stock Report. (c) Net Gearing shows the proportion of debt within a companys overall capital. The table below shows that Vodafones net gearing has declined from 40. 7% in 2009 to 37. 76% in 2010. Overall for the industry borrowing is about 40% of total capital. The simplification therefore for Vodafone is good as its means a reduction in finance costs too. Vodafone 2010 2009 Industry Net Gearing ratio 37. 76% 40. 67% 39. 40% Source Morning Star Stock Report. (d) amour cover explains Vodafones ability to service its debt. From the table below, it appears Vodafone makes enough profits to service it finance costs as it has been able to increase its interest cov er to 7. 51 times in 2010 from 7. 03times in 2009.This may not be a core competence but it is a strength for Vodafone. Vodafone 2010 2009 Interest cover 7. 51 times 7. 03 times Source Morning Star Stock Report. Physical Resources Vodafone makes heavy enthronements in the trade of its Product brands (competence/strength) which includes, landline solutions and mobile telephony, mobile broadband and secure employee strange access(resources), making them well known. (Vodafone website). It invests also in the marketing (competence/strength) of 3G dongles or cards(resources) for internet connection giving it the largest share of 3G subscribers.Vodafone used wholesale services to distribute its fixed voice and broadband (resources) but its prices were too high giving it only a few customers(weakness). Another of its products is the Vodafone-at-home(resources), with which it competed with fixed line providers by offering fixed line prices when customers call from within or near their hom e(competence/strength). Core Competences For the sake of this report, the core competences identified are Vodafones CEOs. They have been exceptional with what they bring to the table and how their expertness has been able to transform the company.Vodafone UK CEO, Gary Laurence has been formidable in terms of identifying strategic options available to the company such as successful alliances and joint venture with likes of BT and O2. Heavy investment in the marketing of its products giving it largest share of 3G subscribers is another core competence. 3. 2 VODAFONE VALUE CHAIN Primary Activities Inbound logistics Vodafone possesses its own network equipments, backbones and infrastructure to provide various communication services, and purchasing of handsets (Annual Reports 2010, p. 21).Now, its in a network sharing agreement (sharing masts, sites and towers) with O2 covering the UK and 4 European countries,. (case study page 559, Guardian promenade 2009). , Another inbound logistic i s the ownership of spectrum. Spectrum is of particular importance to the mobile phone and mobile broadband industry, which relies on it to carry information between customers handsets and mobile masts. Vodafone spectrum is 1800MHz. (Ofcom report, Feb 2011). Operations All Vodafone operations are based on in-house infrastructure. Vodafones operations is dependent on its people, infrastructure and financial resources.Its logistics operations (which provides a variety of value-added services), evolves from a single, purpose built site in West Midlands. (Unipartlogistics. com) Out-bound logistics Vodafone has consumer on-line purchasing systems in place that allow customers to purchase its services directly(Vodafone website). It also has its own bill system. Marketing and Sales Vodafone has several own branded and other retail chains that it uses in distribution. According to the case study(page 563), Vodafone invests a lot in marketing in all markets whilst promoting its brand and als o sponsors Formula 1 and England cricket sports.ServicesIts all encompassing website enables customer online ordering and feedback monitoring. (source). Vodafone has customer services helpline that offer after sales services and it also offers services to MVNOs such as Lebara mobile, Asda mobile, Talk mobile(Carphone Warehouse) and BT mobile(http//ukmobilecoverage. co. uk/), Support Activities Infrastructure Vodafones mode of expansion was the formation of a joint venture with O2(case study p. 559) to manage its mobile network and share network covering 4 European countries and the UK.It also leases BTs fixed line services and hosts BTs MVNO. (case study p. 562) Human Resource Management Vodafone depends on its employees for the quality of its services to customers. It ensures an inclusive working environment and encourages innovation, ambition and pro-activeness. Vodafone encourages enthusiasm, talent and commitment in its employees in order to build and maintain its success and st ay competitive. (Vodafone, Our people). Technology and Development Vodafone owns internet portals which enables on-line ordering.Also, continuous R&D helps the company to incubate and deliver innovation to the business. (Annual Report, 2010. p. 20) procural Vodafone, like other networks, purchases branded handsets from suppliers. Vodafone holds several training courses for its procurement team for efficient management of supplier performance. CONCLUSION SWOT MATRIX STRENGTHS1. Experienced CEOs(UK CEO, Gary Laurence). 2. union with BT and O2. 3. Offering home country voice rates abroad. 4. Heavy investment in marketing. 5. Vodafone at home6. Good Interest Cover7.Reduced borrowing WEAKNESSES1. Low level of liquidity2. unfitness to increase ROCE3. High prices and inefficient channel of distribution for fixed voice and broadband. OPPORTUNITIES1. Governments privatization of Ofcom. 2. Consumer need for converged services. 3. Decline in Fixed line telephone market4. 2012 Olympics5. Cons umer demand for smart phones6. Consumer hype for modern technology7. Ofcom issuance of entry license THREATS1. Slow economic recovery from recession2. Decline in disposable income3. Immigration cap4. Health issues in areas of mobile masts. 5.Customer switching rates. 6. Development of new technologies7. Capital intensive recycling8. Ofcoms issuance of entry license9. Elaborate legal contarcts From all facts assessed in the report and also information from the case study and Vodafone accounts, it is indeed evident that Vodafone is struggling to develop a total communications strategy to enable it to secure leadership in the rapidly growing market for high speed internet services in its UK home market due to the fact that it actually cannot improve its core activities in order to gain competitive advantage.Please rate the quality of this essay Good Neutral Poor Struggling with your essay? You can get your essay custom written by an expert in your subject area. Fully researched and re ferenced, the perfect model answer reach a quote here Share download strike Download Email Request the removal of this essay. GET A PRICE EssayDissertationModel AnswerCoursework/AssignmentLiterature ReviewDissertation ProposalOutline/Skeleton Answer GCSENVQA- trainDiplomaUndergraduatePGDMastersGDLLPCBPTCPhDGCSE B GradeGCSE A GradeGCSE A* GradeNVQ Level 2 PassNVQ Level 2 MeritNVQ Level 2 DistinctionA-Level B GradeA-Level A GradeA-Level A* GradeDiploma (HNC/HND) PassDiploma (HNC/HND) MeritDiploma (HNC/HND) DistinctionUndergraduate 22Undergraduate 21Undergraduate 1stUndergraduate Upper 1stPGD PassPGD MeritPGD DistinctionMasters PassMasters MeritMasters DistinctionMPhil PassPhDGDL PassGDL CommendationGDL DistinctionLPC PassLPC CommendationLPC DistinctionBPTC Competent (Previously BVC)BPTC Very Competent (Previously BVC)BPTC Outstanding (Previously BVC) 000 language (4 pages)No Word Count1250 lecture (5 pages)1500 terminology (6 pages)1750 quarrel (7 pages)2000 linguistic communi cation (8 pages)2250 Words (9 pages)2500 Words (10 pages)2750 Words (11 pages)3000 Words (12 pages)3250 Words (13 pages)3500 Words (14 pages)3750 Words (15 pages)4000 Words (16 pages)4250 Words (17 pages)4500 Words (18 pages)4750 Words (19 pages)5000 Words (20 pages)5250 Words (21 pages)5500 Words (22 pages)5750 Words (23 pages)6000 Words (24 pages)6250 Words (25 pages)6500 Words (26 pages)6750 Words (27 pages)7000 Words (28 pages)7250 Words (29 pages)7500 Words (30 pages)7750 Words (31 pages)8000 Words (32 pages)8250 Words (33 pages)8500 Words (34 pages)8750 Words (35 pages)9000 Words (36 pages)9250 Words (37 pages)9500 Words (38 pages)9750 Words (39 pages)10000 Words (40 pages)10500 Words (42 pages)11000 Words (44 pages)11500 Words (46 pages)12000 Words (48 pages)12500 Words (50 pages)13000 Words (52 pages)13500 Words (54 pages)14000 Words (56 pages)14500 Words (58 pages)15000 Words (60 pages)15500 Words (62 pages)16000 Words (64 pages)16500 Words (66 pages)17000 Words (68 pages)1 7500 Words (70 pages)18000 Words (72 ages)18500 Words (74 pages)19000 Words (76 pages)19500 Words (78 pages)20000 Words (80 pages)25000 Words (100 pages)30000 Words (120 pages)35000 Words (140 pages)40000 Words (160 pages)45000 Words (180 pages)50000 Words (200 pages)55000 Words (220 pages)60000 Words (240 pages)65000 Words (260 pages)70000 Words (280 pages)75000 Words (300 pages)80000 Words (320 pages)85000 Words (340 pages)90000 Words (360 pages)95000 Words (380 pages)100000 Words (400 pages) Price ? 390 Share this Have a question about our service? * See our FAQs * Ask our writers a direct question now * See the UKEssays team * Customer testimonials WARNING avoid essay writing scams Sign up and be the first to receive our latest offers Your email shroud Instant Price Order Now * Join our circle on Google+ * Find us on Facebook * Follow us on Twitter * Get our latest updates Copyright 2003 2012 UK Essays is a trading name of All Answers Ltd.All Answers Ltd is a company registe red in England and Wales Company Registration No 4964706. 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Japanese Language

8 wobbles to learn to speak Nipponese in effect(p)ly Tip 1 Attend japanese classes If you ar just starting out learning Nipponese, I suggest that it is best you attend some basic Japanese courses at a local language school in your country. That is because the foundation of the language is so important that if you screw up in the beginning, it impart drop back you d induce when you move forward to the intermediate or advanced classes. You will al ports have to refer back the materials in the basic classes.I have seen numerous people suffered from their weak foundation and have to give up learning eventually because they couldnt cope with the progress of the lessons. destruction? At least build a strong foundation by attending basic classes at a school. The native Japanese teacher there rout out help to correct your mistakes. You will appreciate a lot when you advance to eminenter levels. Tip 2 Japanese Learning Softw are I understand many people chamberpotnot cast to atte nd a regular class.Maybe because they have irregular working hours, need to travel overseas frequently due to works, unable to pay the school fees for presbyopic terms due to financial issues, or many other personal reasons. In that case, the best alternative is to learn through Japanese learning parcel like the move up Japanese, where you flowerpot learn to speak Japanese at your own pace and time. This is because it is an online course and therefore you can plan to learn according to your own schedule, anytime, anywhere, so long you have an internet connection.The single reason that I recommend this online software is because it provides one great feature (Rocket Record) that you can use to come to your voice to that of the Japanese natives voice in order to perfect your Japanese pronunciation. While your pronunciation can be corrected by a teacher in a classroom, its impossible to know whether your pronunciation is correct if you were to study by yourself. With this recording feature, now you can simply practise speaking Japanese until your pronunciation is perfect, all at your own pace. This is the greatest benefit of using Rocket Japanese.I have also done a review on Rocket Japanese. Do check out the page. Tip 3 Stay in Japan I will say this is by far the most effective way if you really insufficiency to accelerate the learning progress. Immerse yourself in the total Japanese environment and you will have a big encouragement to your speaking ability. You are not only learning Japanese in Japan, you are in fact aliment and blending in the everyday manner of Japan. In such environment, you will be forced to speak Japanese, write Japanese, and even think in Japanese if you need to react fast.If you can stand by in this environment for at least a year, your Japanese proficiency will be greatly improved. And that is much faster than study the language in your own country, which doesnt provide such conducive environment. There are 2 ways, in my opinion, that enable you to move to Japan. 1. Find a job in Japan so that you can stay there for a longer term, say 1 to 2 years. One good option is to join the JET computer program (The Japan Exchange and Teaching Programme) and teach your local language (such as English, etc) in Japan. . If you cannot commit to work in Japan, try enrol and study in a short term language course for at least 3 months. However this is also the most expensive way as the living standard in Japan is considerably high as compare to most countries. Tip 4 Work in a Japanese association This is a great way to learn to speak Japanese for free in your own country while you are working. It might be the pricy best way if you are unable to go to Japan. The key here is to surround yourself with Japanese-speaking people, natives or non-natives.And a Japanese-speaking environment is the best you can get to improve your language. Depending on your position, if you are lucky, you might get the chance to go to Japan for t rainings. Make full use of the opportunity, know some Japanese colleagues and friends over there. Keep in contact with them when you are back home by exchanging emails, communicating using skype or msn, in Japanese of course. If your colleagues or friends want to learn your native language, both parties can then teach each other your own languages, which is beneficial to both of you.This is a more economical way to learn to speak Japanese. Tip 5 Make more Japanese friends If you cannot afford to go to Japan, another way is to know some native Japanese friends in your own country. Check out if there is a Japanese community in the place where you reside in. Get to know the people in the community and learn to speak Japanese with them. These people come to your country due to work or other reasons, so there is a high chance they can speak your native language.Tip 6 Join the activities organized by Japanese Association If there is a Japanese Association near your place, it is wise to jo in the activities that are organized by the association. The association normally holds many activities to help the locals to learn to speak Japanese. These activities include dialogue sessions with native Japanese, patois contests, Japanese language courses and other cultural activities, aiming to foster the relationship with the local people, as well as helping the locals to appreciate the beauty of the language.Tip 7 retard Japanese News If you cannot listen well, you cannot speak well. This is the golden rule when learning a new language. Listening is always the killing subject in many languages, especially true in the case of Japanese. I am no exception. Listening has always been my weakest field. In order to overcome this, I put forward it a point to listen to the news in Japanese everyday. One of the online news sites that I often visit is the TBS News. Over there you can chequer the videos and listen to the short summaries of news in Japan.Choose the topic that interest you most, listen to it without first looking at the written script to test how much you can understand. It is very important not to look at the script first so that it will force you to get used to listening the language without edition the content. Another reason is to make you concentrate on the listening part. Repeat listening to the same piece of news for a few times until you are sure that you cannot get anything more from it. You then look at the script and listen to the audio again for another few times to clarify those that you dont understand.If you can do this continuously for a few months, you will realize that your listening skill improves tremendously. While this is a good method to improve your listening skill, I only recommend you to do this when you reach the advanced level, or at least intermediate level as the scripts are all written in kanji, hiragana and katakana. If not you will have problem understanding the scripts and get overwhelmed and feel demoralized. Ti p 8 Watch Japanese Drama Listening to the news trains you on the formal Japanese speaking but you may get bored on the topics.Listening to the drama may be much more relevant because dramas are more related to our everyday life as the actors/actresses speak in more casual way. Similar to reflexion the news, dont look at the subtitles while watching the drama because it not only distracts you from listening to the dialogues in the drama, you will grow more dependent on the subtitles and that will do you more harm than good. Conclusion If you can follow some of the tips I mentioned above, I believe they will help you a lot on learning to speak Japanese in a more effective way

Single-Sex Schools Fail to Improve Learning Essay

In 2002, only about a dozen schools were separating the sexes, according to the subject Association for Single Sex Public Education, an advocacy group. Now, an estimated 500 public schools across the country conjure some all-boy and all-girl classrooms. 2Proponents argue the separation allows for a made-to-order instruction and cuts down on gender-driven distractions among boys and girls, such as flirting. But critics decry the movement as promoting harmful gender stereotypes and depriving kids of equal educational opportunities.The ACLU claims some(prenominal) schools offer the classes in a way that conflicts with the U. S. Constitution and Title IX, a federal law banning sex discrimination in education. Researchers also have weighed in. 3For many parents, the rationale for placing their child in a single-sex school is the belief that academic performance will be improved. unexampled inquiry finds an absence of evidence to harbour this assumption. Moreover, evidence does exist that sex requisition increases gender stereotyping among children and teachers and legitimizes institutional sexism.4The findings are the crux of a new article in the journal Science that examines single-sex schooling. though public sentiment may have strengthened in support of such settings for improving the learning environment and outcomes for both boys and girls, the science is just non there to support this, said Richard Fabes, Ph. D. , one of the authors of the Science article. 5The Study authors cite evidence that single-sex and coeducational outcomes are equal.Similar large-scale reviews in Great Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand found little overall difference between single-sex and mixed-sex academic outcomes. Talk to our students and our graduates and theyll tell you about the value of learning in an environment where competitive and cooperative spirits are unleashed in the absence of gender-based expectations. 6Another misconception rebutted in the article i s the claim that boys and girls learn differently.Study authors said that this premise is not supported by research as neuroscientists have found few differences in childrens brains beyond the larger volume of boys brains and the earlier completion of girls brain growth neither of which is know to relate to learning. 7Critics of single-sex education argue that socializing, especially between genders, should be an integral part of education. Positive and cooperative interaction with members of other sex is an effective method acting for improving intergroup relationships, according to the authors.8On the other hand, an influential conservative political movement, represented by the presidency of Ronald Reagan public concerns about sexual freedom a bear witness in unmarriedparticularly teen advance pregnancy and the growth of sexually transmitted diseases led to a reexamination of coeducational policies. There is evidence, however, that sex separatism increases gender divisions amon g children. Separating boys and girls in public school classrooms makes gender very salient, and this salience reinforces stereotypes and sexism, Fabes said.9Moreover, for both girls and boys co-education provides a more realistic way of training young commonwealth to take their places naturally in the wider community of men and women. It helps to break down the misconceptions of each sex about the other and provides an excellent foundation for the development of realistic, purposeful and lasting relationships in later life. 10The authors note that research has shown that labeling and segregation of any form be it, gender, eye color, or randomly assigned T-shirt groups is injurious as this implies that the groups differ in important ways which may lead to the development of bias.Is it ever good to segregate on the basis of race, income or age? I think the answer is no, Fabes said. There is no good evidence that it is ever a good time to separate and segregate. Any form of segre gation undermines rather than promotes equality. Source Arizona State University http//psychcentral. com/news/2011/09/23/single-sex-schools-fail-to-improve-learning/29723. html Writers Arguments Counterarguments Writers Refutation

John Proctor †the fair and noble character Essay

The novel The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about witchcraft and the accusations of witches in Salem, Massachusetts. oneness of the main characters in the story, which happens in the spring of 1692, is John Proctor, a farmer in his middle thirties. He is married to Elizabeth Proctor. It is non directly said, but they keep back at least two sons and a servant named Marry Warren. Because Proctor seems to be very religious, he really loves his wife and he confesses his affair with Abigail Williams to Elizabeth what is more he later refuses to be with Abigail, this makes him a very fair man.First of all, the protagonist John Proctor seems to be religious, in view of the fact that when he is taken to jail he does not defend himself at all he simply accepts that he did something wrong and he can bouncy with that. This makes him religious, because he does not unavoidableness to harm the Ten Commandments. He writes a confession that he has seen the devil and that he was the only one. He even signs this paper, but as soon as Deputy Governor Danforth asks Proctor to give the confession to him, Elizabeths husband refuses and tears it up. On the one hand he does that, because he thinks that his name cannot be taken away from him on the other hand he knows that the paper does not tell the truth. He rather wants to be hanged than to live with the thought that he has lied to the church. This is a very strong and self-confident consideration.Another proof that John Proctor is fair can be seen in his former affair with Abigail Williams, the servant to the Perris-household. She was once in love with him, but they broke up because Proctor realized that he really could not throw to be in love with a girl while being married and having children this makes him being fair to his wife as he does not want to hurther. Later when Abigail threatened to tell Elizabeth about their affair he wisely chose to tell the truth to his wife. He refused not to tell her earlier, because he did not want to hurt her. It is discovered in the last act that their relationship is so strong that she forgives him. Telling her about his affair so late is likely not the best solution, but it is certainly better than saying nothing, so that Elizabeth finds our on her own.A further indication that John Proctor is fair would be that he remains strictly faithful to his wife once he realized that having affairs while being in love with someone else is a bad conception. So when Abigail later comes to Proctor to ask him for continuing their relationship the protagonist refuses. He cannot do this to himself or to his wife. Otherwise he would commit adultery once more. Again, this makes him being fair to his wife.In conclusion one can say that the character John Proctor is a quite fair person. later he realizes some thingsfor example, having an affair is not the best while being marriedhe tries to do the best for himself and the people around him. This includes no voluntarily contact wit h Abigail. They only talk when he tells her that he cannot or does not want her anymore. Finally he pays with his life for committing adultery. This action is one of the most communicative acts in the whole play. John Proctor is a good and noble man and because of this he believes that he cant be hanged and die a martyr when he has this sin blooming over him every waking moment.

Cyber Terrorism and Information Warfare

As the use of entropy processing system applied science be suffices wide, population have tended to use them both for beneficial and destructive purposes. As the use of calculator engineering science becomes more, they continue to be employ for more complex and inter-reliant threats to humanity. The use of computer technology for destructive purposes takes place in the form of cyber crime, cyber terrorist act and breeding warf ar. The taper of this paper is on cyber crime and entropy war. The two have a number of similarities as well as differences.They are both applications of computer and information technology that are in use in the society in the information era. Information has been relied upon in different sectors in different countries and around the world. This has make information a very powerful tool for the economy of many countries. Information has also become a target for criminal activities like terrorist act and a target to plight war (Lewis, 2002). Th is paper discusses the similarities and differences between cyber terrorist act and information state of war. The paper begins with the description of the two concepts. Cyber terrorist actCyber terrorism is the use of computing resources to mesh in terrorist activities. It can also be delineate as the calculated use of computers or computing networks aimed at harming, or to further social, economicalal, political or ideological, or such goals. People have tended to use the secrecy afforded by cyberspace to wage terrorism activities towards communities or an entire unpolished. This has tended to cause threat and brat to people withtaboo physical presence of the attacker. The terrorists using cyberspace target computers and information to cause harm and revile to the targeted stem or nation.There have been claims by whatsoever eventions of scholars that cyber terrorism does non exist and that what is referred to by the use of this term is information warfare. They feel th at it is not possible to use computer technology to wage serious-minded harm or damage in a population due to the availability of protective technology. However, it is a fact is that cyber terrorism is a concept that is applicable in the current world of technology (Brenner, 2006). Information warfare Information warfare on the other hand is defined as the use of computer technology to wage war.It can also be defined as the use and management of information and technology in order to garner a competitive advantage over matchlesss adversaries. Information can be manipulated in various ways to ensure that one country gains an run into over its opponents. Information has become a very crucial tool for use in different aspects of human life. Information has come to be used as a powerful weapon in times of clashes or conflicts. This warfare is closely associated with psychological warfare. The attacking country targets the information sector of the country that it is up against (Lewi s, 2002).Similarities Both cyber terrorism and cyber warfare make use of information technology and/ or networks to carry out their aims. Regardless of their difference in objectives, information is a critical tool for both cyber terrorism and information warfare. Information warfare can be carried out in different ways muddle or hijacking of TV and radio transmissions disabling logistic networks disabling or spoofing communication networks of the enemies and sabotaging stock exchange dealings (Lewis, 2002). These are all fashion of use of information in warfare.Cyber terrorism can also take various forms like attacks against networks of the target group or country threats against a club or country that are made electronically hacking into systems defacing networks and denying service to the target group. It is clear that both are destructive applications of computer and information technology. The users of both cyber terrorism and information warfare use and go after the inform ation sector of the target group or country with the aim of causing havoc (Brenner, 2006).Both cyber terrorism and information warfare are destructive, however have not been developed to the level of destruction like the other weapons, such as the bomb. The kind of damage caused by cyber terrorism and information warfare is not large-scale, although the technologies are still cosmos developed. It would not be possible to carry out such a destructive act like the one that materializeed in the United States, commonly known as the September 11 attacks (Che, Deng, Chao & Huang, 2009).Despite the fact that there are both(prenominal) remote examples of cyber terrorism and information warfare in the world today, they are not as pronounced as those that use the conventional weapons like bombs. either the examples and instances that are provided on the use of information for warfare and terrorism cannot compare with the use of methods like bombing, air planes and other convectional meth ods. However, the possible destruction that is plausibly to happen due to the development in technology cannot be ignored. The two concepts, cyber terrorism and information warfare are based on computer and information technology.It is a known fact that technology is developing at a very speedy rate. As a result, the technology applied in both cyber terrorism and information is not the same way it was when the two concepts were developed. It is also a fact that they are likely to be more complicated and destructive. While more or less countries there are development of cyber warfare capabilities, there are individual factions and groups that are developing cyber terrorism capabilities (Che, Deng, Chao and Huang, 2009). Both cyber terrorism and information warfare are destructive processes that can cause terror and damage in a place or country where they are applied.Despite the fact that cyber terrorism is not likely to cause the kind of destruction like what took place during the September 11 attacks, they are likely to cause a certificate scare to the public. For example, it is possible for hackers to wage terrorism attacks by hacking into hospital systems (Brenner, 2006). Another way that this can be carried out is by launching sequenced, coordinated attacks shutting down Automatic bank clerk Machine systems and other financial systems in selected towns or cities.When this is carried out in a large-scale, it can be realized that this is not a random act, but an organized terrorist attack. This can lead to panic about the security and economic damage to a country. Same case with information warfare despite the fact that unlike cyber terrorism information warfare is not aimed at harming civilians and properties, it leads to both direct and indirect personal effects to countries they are aimed at and their citizens. Just like cyber terrorism, information warfare causes panic on the public as well as other economic effects on the country (Collin, 1996).For exa mple, where transmissions are hijacked to pass on hate information or other destructive information, it is possible for people to be very scared for their security. Attacking economic sectors using information technology during war or as a weapon endangers the economic status of a country. In fact, paralyzing the information sector of a country leads to massive economic costs to that country. This factor that these two applications of computer and information technology are very destructive and costly to the affected country (Lewis, 2002).Both cyber terrorism and information warfare are complex problems that need to be addressed very first in study security policies. They are becoming more sophisticated and overtop sophisticated means to counter. They are both attacks that can paralyze the infrastructure of a country completely. The use of information for terrorism and warfare is based on the premise that information has become a very crucial resource in development and has been relied upon by countries and organizations in their daily operations (Collin, 1996).The attackers have come to realize that the best part to hit and raise havoc is the information technology sector. The information technology sector has become the most vulnerable period that can be hit to feel the greatest effect. Studies have found out that susceptibility of information networks and the critical infrastructure have put national security in dire risk. This can be supported by the fast growth in technology and its spreading to the economic sector of many countries. This is usually the target of cyber terrorism and information warfare.The users of these two applications of computer technology targets where a country will feel the most effect when hit. This is no check than the information sector of their target (Brenner, 2006). It is easy to spot real-world terrorism just as it is to spot real-world warfare. When dealing with real-world acts, terrorism or warfare is easier to identif y, thus do it easier to counter. Where a real-life attack is carried out it is possible to know that the government is either dealing with terrorism or warfare. Simply put, it is easy to identify terrorism or warfare in the real-world.This is not the case with cyber terrorism or cyber warfare. Where these takes place, it is not possible to immediately identify what one is dealing with. There are no people who are physically available to carry out the acts. When a real-world terrorist attack is carried out, there will be a suicide bomber who hijacks a plane or bombs a building. In real-world warfare, there are military personnel with characteristic attire and characteristic badge. This way, it will be possible to allege that it was a terrorist attack or war against a contingent group or country.This is not the case with cyber terrorism and information warfare (Lewis, 2002). The activities are carried in secrecy and most of the times unless someone claims to be involved, it might be difficult to identify the perpetrators. In case of information warfare, it might be enceinte to identify the country involved in the attacks. It is then possible that a country could be a target of cyber terrorism or information warfare and not even be aware of it. The two applications are complex and cannot be easily identified and dealt with (Che, Deng, Chao & Huang, 2009). DifferencesThe primary focus of information warfare is not to inflict injuries or death to civilians and property. Information warfare is not aimed at demoralizing or intimidating civilians. Cyber terrorism is aimed at the achievement of a particular objective. This is done mostly through intimidation and any other means as long as the message is communicated. Injuring people, causing death, and damaging property is one of the ways used to communicate the message. They achieve their objectives by destroying as much life and property as possible. Cyber terrorists do not mind the lives that will be lost or th e damage that will be caused in the process.For instant, the terrorist attacks in Romania. This happened at an Antarctic research center where terrorists accessed the computer resources that controlled life support systems. In the process, the lives of 58 scientists were put in danger (Kalathil & Boas, 2003). However, the perpetrators were stopped before a serious harm was caused. Terrorism generally is a destructive act that is carried out for selfish purposes, while information warfare is an act that is aimed at protecting a country from destruction by its enemies (Lewis, 2002).Information warfare is legal and mostly intentional by the ministry of defense as a weapon of defense to a nation in time of war. As already mentioned, it is the use of technology to gain competitive advantage over the opponents. This means that it is not an illegal means of attack, like cyber terrorism. Most of the time, information warfare is carried out by the conventional military force. There are for example some nations that have trained or are training people who are referred to as hacker warriors. These hacker warriors are used in time of war to wage attacks against enemy nation-states.Cyber terrorism on the other hand is dangerous and unlawful attacks towards a target group to further some selfish objectives. Cyber terrorism is carried out by people who are part of a faction that is united by an obligation to a particular political philosophy. The distinguishing factor from cyber terrorism is that war is a struggle between countries or nations states (Che, Deng, Chao & Huang, 2009). Information warfare is meant to be a collateral event. This means that the information attacks are aimed at protecting ones country and its citizen.During war, the aim of the fighters is to protect ones country and its people from adversaries. This means that the objective of information warfare is very different from that of cyber terrorism. In most cases, cyber terrorism is not a collateral eve nt. It is used for selfish objectives of the attacking groups. It is also eventful to note that most of the times cyber terrorism is not initiated by lawful combatants. This means that the perpetrators do not operate legally as is the case during war (Brenner, 2006).Cyber terrorism is aimed at causing damage and harm to a target group for a particular objective of the attacking groups. Some of the objectives of cyber terrorism admit ideological, political, religious, and in some cases economical. Unlike in cyber terrorism, war is restricted to attacks between groups (armies) who act on behalf of their countries in the war. The use of technology in this case is aimed at the army or armies of the enemy nations. In warfare, the use of information is rational and justifiable, unlike the use of terrorism attacks where the acts are irrational and cannot be justified (Lewis, 2002).Cyber terrorism is basically one-sided. This means that in most cases cyber terrorism cannot be reciprocated . In most cases, its anonymity characteristic makes it hard to find out the perpetrator(s). Cyber terrorism is aimed at a specific population to further the objectives of the attacker. On the other hand, information warfare is aimed at attacking adversaries. This means that unlike cyber terrorism, it is aimed at triumphing against ones enemies. It is used against opponents during war and is just limited to that purpose (Che, Deng, Chao & Huang, 2009).Conclusion This aim of this paper was to make a comparison and contraction of the two concepts that apply information computer technology, cyber terrorism and information warfare. The two concepts differ in definition because while cyber terrorism is the use of computing resources to engage in terrorist activities, information warfare is defined as the use of computer technology to wage war. These concepts have a lot in common, from being based on computer technology, to the kind of effects they are likely to cause to a country and its people.They are both destructive effects of information and computer technology. They are however different from their motive, to the kinds of people who carry out the attacks. While cyber terrorism is an unlawful act aimed at causing intimidation in achievement of different objectives, information warfare is a lawful activity carried out by military personnel aimed at coming out victorious over opponents. These two activities have led to a security scare around the world due to the effects that they lead to. They are concepts that are supposed to be address in national security policies as a matter of urgency.Despite the fact that they have not become so open in the society today, with a few remote cases being reported, with the development in technology and over reliance on technology in different sectors, it is possible that they will increase. There is need to develop more sophisticated technologies to counter this. References Brenner, S. (2006). C3 Cyber crime, cyber terrorism and cyber warfare. Retrieved on May 11, 2010 from http//cyb3rcrim3. blogspot. com/2006/06/c3-cybercrime-cyberterrorism and. html Che, H. , Deng, D. , Chao, H. & Huang, Y. (2009).Next Generation of Terrorism Ubiquitous Cyber Terrorism with the Accumulation of all Intangible Fears, journal of Universal Computer Science, vol. 15, no. 12. Collin, B. (1996). The future of cyber terrorism. Paper presented at the 11th Annual International Symposium on Criminal Justice Issues, University of Illinois at Chicago. Kalathil, S. & Boas, T. (2003). Open networks, shut regimes. Washington DC Brookings. Lewis, J. (2002). Assessing the Risks of Cyber Terrorism, Cyber War and Other Cyber Threats, Washington DC Center for Strategic and International Studies.

Globalization and Local/Regional Economy Essay

globalization as defined by World Bank is the increasing integration of economies and societies world wide (World Bank Group, 2001). globalization is also perceived as a process or a edit wherein economically speaking, the money flows in the multinational grocery store unconstrained and enceinte is reorganized allowing a maximization of profit (Robinson, 2004, n. p). On the other hand, culturally speaking, globalization has the capacity to integrate, adopt, and influence assorted cultures and the power to remove cultural barriers (Rothkop, 1997, n. p).Considering the position that globalization is crossing over geographical borders, such trend is greatly affecting local and regional affairs at the same time. Las Vegas, Nevada also know as The Sin City is the worlds entertainment capital (Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority, 2008). Also famous for its casinos and different recreational activities, the city caters to various people. harmonise to the 2005 U. S. Census Bu reau data, the total population of Las Vegas is 538,653 wherein 273,147 people 16 years and above are in the labor force (Las Vegas Government, 2007).This figure shows how financially advantageous it is to invest capital in Las Vegas and to establish business there. Aside from that, the same survey conducted by the U. S. Census Bureau shows that the population of Las Vegas is very diverse such that many another(prenominal) people from all over the world resides or works there. There are Asians, Latin Americans, African Americans and Americans (Las Vegas Government, 2007). What is the significance of the citys diverse cultural affiliates and its highly advantageous economic status?Taking the concept of globalization into consideration, noting the importance of Las Vegas society will be very beneficial for the home(prenominal) affairs and stability of the city. Las Vegas is filled with entertaining games and activities like casinos, amusement parks and bars. These can open opportuni ties for the city to promote its services to the global arena. As characterized by globalization, the flow of money towards Las Vegas will be unconstrained since many investors in the international market see a great advantage in placing their stocks in the businesses held in Las Vegas like in the hotels and casino gaming industry.Aside from the flow of money via the negotiations in the international market, the city also employs cash from the local market through their visitors and tourists availing their services. Through all these economic undertakings, the people in the local and regional areas of Las Vegas will really benefit since there is a high inflow of cash and greater socio-cultural development projects for the people. In relation to the socio-cultural implication of the services and some goods in Las Vegas, there is also the observable manifestation of globalization.As what was tell earlier, globalization includes overcoming territorial boundaries and crossing over. St atistics show that in Las Vegas, 19. 4% of the residents are also foreign language speakers aside from being English speakers (Las Vegas Government, 2007). This means that many of the people in Las Vegas are foreigners who also avail the goods and services in the city. Moreover, since there is a huge influx of Latin Americans in the U. S. , the said trend also spills-over in Las Vegas where many Latin Americans work in shops and also holds businesses there.Also, through Las Vegas theatre, arts, music, cuisine and other cultural undertakings, they are also able to snuff it borders right at their very city where various performers and artists from around the world presents (Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority, 2008). It is observable from this analysis of Las Vegas cultural and economic affairs that globalization is, indeed, an international trend and is greatly affecting the local agenda of states. It is therefore important to not always be reminded of the influence of globa lization when a state is creating their policies two in the economic and socio-cutural aspects.ReferencesLas Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority. (2008). Las Vegas. Retrieved May 6, 2008 from http//www. vegas. com/. Las Vegas Government. (2007). Facts and Statistics. Retrieved May 6, 2008 from http//www. lasvegasnevada. gov/. Robinson, W. (2005). A Theory of Global Capitalism. Maryland John Hopkins University Press. Rothkop, D. (1997). In Praise of Cultural Imperialism? Effects of Globalization on Culture. Retrieved May 6, 2008 from www. globalpolicy. org/globaliz/cultural/globcult. htm. The World Bank Group. (2001). Globalization. Retrieved May 6, 2008 from htp//www1. worldbank. org/economicpolicy/globalization/.

April ABC, Inc

In the beginning of April ABC, Inc. hired Carl Robins as their new campus recruiter. Carl was new to his ready, plainly that did non stop him from striving to be a expectant recruiter pay from the start. Carl successfully hired 15 new trainees to work for Monica Carrols the Operations Supervisor. Monica checked in with Carl to advise him of each the steps that are necessary to fulfil before the trainees could start working for the company.Carl felt confident close the situation and assured Monica that everything would be arranged in plenty of clock sequence. The goal is to extradite the trainees working by July the task is that Carl has neglected to make the proper arrangements to ensure every tasks provide be accomplished. This analysis willing try to come up with a dandy solution for Carl Robins to resolve the problems he has created. Carl has been in his recruiter position for six months these 15 trainees are his first recruitment efforts for ABC, Inc.The trainees were recruited in early April it was Carls hopes that he would have the hires working by July. The second week in May, Monica contacted Carl about the training schedule, letting him know it prevails a lot of time to get the training schedule, policy booklets, manuals, drug test, physicals and many other areas scheduled. Carl would have to ad serious these tasks for the new employees before the new hire orientation the orientation was dated for June 15.After Memorial Day, Carl looked all over the new trainee files the orientation was to take place in two weeks. As soon as Carl was through looking over the paperwork, he realized some of the trainees had not finished their applications, they did not have transcripts on file, and not angiotensin-converting enzyme new hire had scheduled the mandatory drug screening. Many things Carl needed to be concerned about, he has been an employee for but six months, therefore if he does not fulfill this task, he great power be in risk of loos ing his job because this may not get another chance.He contumacious to look through the orientation manuals, but he had missing pages and he only had three copies they would be no help in trying to prepare the materials for the orientation. Carl knew he confirmed Monica that everything would be d integrity by the time for the new orientation course. Now he will have to figure out how he will execute the perfect visualize to make things right again and have enough time to complete the tasks.Carl went to check the training path that he will use for the orientation training but he ound out that his co-worker Joe already reserved the room for giving computer training for the exclusively month of June. Carl did not know the training room was reserved and he will have to develop a solution for recouping a place to have the orientation this was a major concern from Carls part. Alternative solutions are needed in order to get Carl out of trouble and top on track and try not to loose his job. To start he can make a contention of the pending tasks and give them an order of importance.He needs to have an estimate of time that will take each task and see how viable tasks are and if he needs an extra plan to make them happened. Carl can call a meeting with all the new hires and give them a list of requirements they will need to be viewate for a permanent position. Since the new hires will postulate the luck they will make the impossible to make it happen. The drug testing is mandatory and should be the top precession on his list the second priority on the list, should be the manuals.Carl needs to complete the manuals gather all the information and make sets of all the copies. If Carl can continue to be motivated to do a good job and make a great first impression, he can accomplish all tasks at hand. Once Carl has created his plan of action, he can make notes as to how he plans on figuring everything out. By contacting the new trainees that do not have a spotle ss application and transcripts turned in he has not only informed the trainees of what is need from them in order to be completely hired, but he is also giving contact and that shows seriousness to the situation.If the new hires show up to orientation and do not have the drug screening complete they should be sent directly to the clinic to get the screening done. The tenableness the drug screening needs to be done prior to the orientation is the company does not want to hire anyone who is on drugs, so this task needs to be complete before they are level(p) considered for the new hire orientation course.When the individuals show up for the course if they have not yet completed their part of the new orientation process they should be asked to vacate they can either complete their disposed(p) tasks and contact Carl when they have done so or they can decided to not work for ABC, Inc.. The problem with allowing them to stay and complete the tasks at a later time is that they are gett ing a pass along that this is how they can conduct themselves while on the job. The manuals and incompatible reservations for the training room are Carls misdoings, so he needs to take responsibility for these matters.In order to have the orientation manuals be useful, Carl should consider completing the three that he has since they are only missing some pages and then make a power grade slide show to use as the main course material. By twist the material into a power point slide he is giving the trainees a chance to take notes and he can create the presentation at home during off work hours. Carl should take one of the manuals and combine whatever information is missing into it.The situation with using the training rooms can only be fixed by Carl taking to his co-worker Joe. The new hire orientation only takes one day and since Joe has the room booked all month, he may not mind giving up one day, so his co-worker can utilize the space. If Joe says that Carl using the room is not possible, Carl needs to find another space to hold the orientation. The best thing to do would be to find another room that has access to a computer hook up and can display a power point presentation.There are only 15 new hires and they do not need computers for the course, so just about any space should do the job. Another solution could be for Carl to have the room for half(a) a day on two different days by doing this you give Joe his space public and he make be able to re-work his course schedule easier by not being asked to leave his room for a whole day. It is clear to see that Carl was slacking in all areas need to complete his first recruitment job for ABC, Inc. Carl did not plan ahead, he did not organize, and he did not prioritise any of the tasks.This being Carls first job for the company he should have taken it to a greater extent seriously and he should have listened to the advice given to him by Monica Carrols, she is in a management position, has been with the compa ny protracted and knew what steps needed to be taken to succeed. Carl should learn from this mishap and always give himself plenty of time to complete a job the right way, he should listen to those who have valuable advice, and he should authorize with co-workers more effectively. If Carl can get his act together, he has real promise to being a great recruiter and asset for ABC, Inc.

Teenage Curfew

When it comes to having a curfew, opinions can be wide spread somewhat what it right and what is wrong. I believe though, that it is a p arents decision whether or not they let their child out. As long as your parents know where you are, you arent doing anything dangerous or illegal, and you always have somebody with you in case something happens, then you shouldnt have to worry about a curfew or getting punished for something that is perfectly harmless. When you are out after dark, always make convinced(predicate) your parents know where you are.You dont want to be somewhere without a way of contacting them. If they know where you are, then that makes the chances of them finding you a dish out higher. Also, if they know where you are going, they have the option to tell you that no, you cant go, or at to the lowest degree help you make choices about what you do when you get there. One other reason to make undisputable that your parents are aware of your location is so that they wont have to worry about profession the police if they cant seem to find you. It saves a dowry of people a lot of troubleAs most teens would probably have to agree, if you arent doing anything illegal or dangerous, then wherefore shouldnt you be allowed out? When out after a certain time, yes, the police are out, that why should they be monitoring you if you arent doing anything against the law or dangerous? It makes you feel somewhat infantile being watched all the time. You shouldnt be getting punished for being out past a certain time because a lot of people may have late jobs or games that they are coming home from and it isnt fair to penalize them for just coming home after a long day.No harm intended Finally, when you are out past dark, always make sure you have a buddy with you. I mean, who doesnt like company? When you are alone, if you get trauma or get caught in a sticky situation, you might be incapable of calling for help. Its always good to have someone with you so they can call for help if needed. Having a promoter with you can also keep you from making wrong decisions. They can be a good import opinion on right and wrong, and keep you out of trouble. And we all know that the slammer is no shimmer place to beThese are just a few reasons that I have why you should be allowed out. If you arent doing anything dangerous or illegal, your parents know where you are, and you always have a friend with you, then your parents should be able to make the decision whether or not they want their child out after a certain time. You shouldnt have to worry about being punished. After all, they police arent the ones who raised(a) us. Thanks for taking the time to listen to my opinion about why teenagers should have to worry about a curfew.

A good film just like a good book Essay

After I click the pause, the screen froze and there is a sentence remain on the screen, Oh, this land was made for you and me. in that respect is a feeling from my heart which I contribute non explain with words, this felling contains angry, disappointed, sadness, but the most is the impotency to face the reality of the nourishment industry. This kind of feeling slip aways once before, after I watched The Cove, feel nauseous to do something and want to help, however, where to start and how? The first thought is to stop buying food from those company, thysoon, motannio, but what else can we buy, there are some, but not enough. only if after a second thought, what will happen if we stop buying those food, the company will die together with millions of people will loose their job. But we know clearly that stop buying food from this kind of big and powerful company is impossible, there must be other way out. sometimes people are small, too weak to try for such a big problem, s o the only way out is to rely on the administration which born for the people but people sometimes do not like and trust, the government.Organic foodThe film is just on of the most useful way to speak to the people and make them certain of the what really our word is. But just like the film, we can not touch, smell and taste, only lowering and scene may wont leave the feeling too long. people who are actually doing something which like the mum in the film is because they are victims, people who are not doing things is because they have no chance to see the damage or in another way, they havent experience the nightmare.A good film just like a good book, they make people think and speculate their thoughts in the normal lives , it is successful even we just hesitate when we choose food in publix. people always think that they are small, however, water drops can wear away a sone, we can not just let the thought go over our head, we should catch it and pull it out, then actually do things which can really help, help ourself and also help others.

Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory In The 21st Century Essay

Sigmund Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory is often regarded as the close to comprehensive personality theory and the first in its bea of study to theorise gentleman behaviour but finished the ages Freud has raised numerous debates on whether his theory of human behaviour has been more than controversial or influential. In this essay, I will argue that the Psychoanalytical Theory made a significant contribution to the world of psychology by critically evaluating how Freudian ideas influenced subsequent theorists. Furthermore I will discuss its relevancy in the 21st century whilst not neglecting to highlight the reasons why Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory is criticised as a personality theory. In the Psychoanalytic Theory, Freud structured the personality into three levels of consciousness, namely the conscious, preconscious and the unconscious(p). Amongst these three Freud is ordinarily known for discovering the unconscious and it became the core element to Freuds theory. Freud furt her defined the structural elements of the psyche (the id, the swelled head and the superego) (Meyer, Moore & Viljoen, 200852).These components of Freuds theory remain important since they atomic number 18 still to some extent used to condone how the human psyche functions. It is evident that Freudian ideas of the unconscious laid the foundation for future personality theorists much(prenominal) as Carl Jung whos Analytical Theory too focused on the unconscious mind (Meyer, et al., 200895). other personality theorist Freud influenced is Erik Erikson who was an Ego Psychologist. Psychologists in this area of study elaborated on the ego which was primitively theorised by Freud. Eriksons theory is regarded as one of the most useful psychological theories and several concepts hypothesize by him much(prenominal) as psycho complaisant development, ego strength and identity crisis are part of our everyday expression nowadays (Meyer, et al., 200895). It is clear in my above examples that Freud did influence subsequent theorists whose theories are still relevant in the field of psychology today.Certain concepts of Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory are still relevant in the 21st century such as dream analysis, free association and self-denial mechanisms. These psychotherapy techniques are existence used and expanded upon in modern day clinical psychology. According to Hurd (n.d.), Freud is the most fashionable dream theorist known today, and his ideas are still drawing water a century subsequently he wrote his magnum opus The Interpretation of Dreams. Freud stated that dreams are a result of our repressed desires and that they have more meaningto them than we acknowledge. He believed that dreams were the portal to our unconscious and that through analysing a persons dreams a therapist could effectively treat the patients illness.With Freudian thoughts on dreams in mind, several current neuroscientists are uncovering the possibility that dreams play a role in chil dhood learning (Hurd, n.d.). Furthermore, Freuds relevance in the 21st century is that his concept of defence mechanisms is still seen in other theories of psychology today. This is support by Cramer (2000) which states that developmental, personality and social psychologists have all found evidence for defence mechanisms. Freud saw defence mechanisms as a strategy with which a person could deal with their anxiety and unfulfilled desires. Some of the most common defence mechanisms which have integrated themselves into every day speech are terms such as regression, sublimation, denial and projection.Through the ages we have absorbed more of Freudian idea than we thought, but it is insurmountable to avoid Freuds shortcomings. The most controversial aspect of his theory is based on the fact that he placed emphasise on the sex drive being the primary motivating source for human behaviour. Freud focused too exclusively on sexuality and not enough on interpersonal and social conditions. He was also criticised for his view on female development with regard to the Electra complex in the priapic stage. Furthermore the Psychoanalytic Theory was criticised since it was seen as vaguely defined and lacked any empirical research.In conclusion, in spite of his shortcomings Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory has made an important contribution to the field of psychology through being a catalyst to the thoughts of subsequent theorists. Freuds most valuable contribution to society is his theory of the unconscious mind which is still being expanded on today. Furthermore his contribution to modern day clinical psychology psychotherapy approaches cannot be ignored. A testament to the validity of Freuds theory is that it is even today being debated many years after his death and the debate is not close to being concluded. therefore he is relevant in the 21st century since his ideas have percolated through generations and subsequent personality theories.ReferencesBeystehner, K.M. (n.d.) . psychoanalysis Freuds Revolutionary Approach to Human Personality. Retrieved from http//www.personalityresearch.org/papers/beystehner.html Cramer, P. (2000). Defence mechanisms in psychology today. Further processes for adaptation. American Psychologist, 55(6)637-46 DOI 10.1037//0003-066X.55.6.637 Hurd, R. (n.d.). Contemporary Dream Theories Starting with Freud. Retrieved from http//dreamstudies.org/2009/11/19/freudian-dream-theory-explained/ McLeod, S. A. (2011). Bandura Social Learning Theory. Retrieved from http//www.simplypsychology.org/bandura.html Meyer, W.F., Moore, C., &Viljoen, H, G. (2011). Personology From the individual to ecosystem. Sandton Heineman Publishers.

The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 40

flatness and Mrs. Flowers were in the ambush the addition to the house that Mrs. Flowerss uncle had put onto the back for woodwork and other hobbies. It had fallen into even more discount than the rest of the house, being used as a storage space for things Mrs. Flowers didnt know where else to put such(prenominal) as Cousin Joes folding cot and that old sagging couch that didnt match a wash up of furniture inside anymore.Now, at night, it was their choosen. No child or adult from Fells Church had ever been invited inside. In fact, except for Mrs. Flowers, Stefan whod answered move large furniture into it and now Matt, no iodin had even been in for as long as Mrs. Flowers could remember.Matt clung to this. He had been, slowly but surely, reading through the material Meredith had researched and one(a) precious excerpt had meant a lot to him and Mrs. Flowers. It was the reason they were able to sleep at night, when the percentages came.The kitsune is often thought process to be a sort of cousin to Western vampires, seducing chosen men (as most fox spirits take on a female form) and feeding directly on their chi, or life spirit, with stunned the go-between of business. Thus one may make a case that they are bound by exchangeable rules to the vampire. For example, they cannot enter human dwellings without invitationAnd oh, the voicesHe was profoundly glad now that hed taken Meredith and Bonnies advice and gone to Mrs. Flowerss first to begin with exhalation home. The girls had convinced him hed only be putting his parents in danger by facing up to the lynch mob that awaited him, ready to eat up him for allegedly assaulting Caroline. Caroline seemed to have found him at the boardinghouse immediately, anyway, but she never brought any kind of mob with her. Matt thought that perhaps it was because that would have been useless.He had no idea what major power have happened if the voices had belonged to ex-friends long ago invited to his house while he was at home.TonightCome on, Matt, Carolines voice, lazy, slow, and seductive purred. It beneficialed as if she were lying down, speaking into the crack under the door. Dont be such a spoilsport. You know you have to come out sometime.Let me talk to my mom.I cant, Matt. I told you before, shes under passing play training.To be want you?It takes a lot of work to get to be worry me, Matt. Suddenly Carolines tint was not flirtatious any longer.I bet, Matt muttered, and added, You hurt my family and youre going to be sorrier than you can imagine.Oh, Matt Come on, get real. Nobody is going to hurt anybody.Matt slowly opened his hands to see at what he had clenched between them. Merediths old revolver, filled with the bullets blessed by Obaasan.What is Elenas middle make out? he asked not loudly, even though there were the sounds of music and dancing in Mrs. Flowerss backyard.Matt, what are you lecture active? What are you doing in there, making a family tree?I asked you a simple question, Care. You and Elena vie since you were practically babies, proficient? So what is her middle name?A flurry of activity. When Caroline finally answered he could clearly hear the susurrused coaching, as Stefan had perceive so long ago, unspoiled a use up before her words.If all youre interested in is playing games, Matthew Honeycutt, Ill go find someone else to talk to.He could practically hear her flounce away.solely he felt like celebrating. He allowed himself a safe and sound graham cracker and half a cup of Mrs. Flowerss homemade apple juice. They never knew when they might be locked in here for good, with only the supplies they had, so whenever Matt went out of the bunker he brought back as many things as he could find that might be useful. A barbeque lighter and sensory hairspray equaled a flame thrower. Jar after jar of Mrs. Flowerss delicious preserves. Lapis rings in case the worst happened and they s pennant up with pointy teeth.Mrs. Flowers turned in her sleep on the couch. Who was that, Matt dear? she asked.Nobody at all, Mrs. Flowers. You just go back to sleep.I see, Mrs. Flowers said in her sweet-old-lady voice. Well, if nobody at all comes back you might ask her her own mothers first name.I see, Matt said in his best imitation of her voice and then they both laughed. But underneath his laughter there was a lump in his throat. He had known Mrs. Forbes a long time, too. And he was scared, scared of the time that it would be Shinichis voice calling.Then they were going to be in trouble for good.There it is, shouted Sage.Elena screamed Meredith.Oh, God screamed Bonnie.The next instant, Elena was thrown, and something landed on top of her. Dully, she heard a cry. But it was different from the others. It was a choking sound of pure pain as Bloddeuwedds beak thunked into something made of flesh. Me, Elena thought. But there was no pain.Notme?There was a coughing sound above her.Elena go my shields wont hold Damon Well go together HurtsIt was just the shadow of a telepathic whisper and Elena knew Damon didnt think shed heard it. But she was circling her Power faster and faster, done with deception, caring only about acquiring those she loved out of danger.Ill find a way, she told Damon. Ill carry you. Firemans lift.He laughed at that, giving Elena some confide that he wasnt dying. Now Elena wished shed taken Dr. Meggar in the carriage with them so he could use his healing powers on the injured and then what? Leave him to the mercies of Bloddeuwedd? He necessitates to build a hospital here, in this world. He wants to help the children, who surely dont deserve all the evils that Ive seen visited on them She shunted the thoughts aside. This was no time for a philosophical debate about doctors and their obligations.It was time to run.Reaching behind her, she found two hands. One was slick with blood so she reached farther, thanking her of late mother for all the ballet lessons, all the childrens yoga, and she grabbed the sleeve above it. And then she put her back into it and pulled.To her wonder she hauled Damon up with her. She tried to heft him farther up on her back, but that didnt work. And then she even managed a wobbly step forward, and another And then Sage was there picking both of them up and they were going into the lobby of the building of the Shi no Shi.Everyone, get out Get out Bloddeuwedds after us and shell assassinate anything in her way Elena shouted. It was the strangest thing. She hadnt meant to shout. Hadnt formulated the words, except perhaps in the deepest parts of her subconscious. But she did shout them into the already frenzied lobby and she heard the cry taken up by others.What she didnt expect was that they would run, not out into the street, but down toward the cells. She ought to have, of course, but she hadnt. And then she felt herself and Sage and Damon going down, down the way they had dying nightBut was it really the right way? Elena clamped one hand over the other and saw, resolve by foxlight, that they needed to head off to the right.WHAT ARE THOSE CELLS TO THE RIGHT OF US? HOW DO WE GET there? she shouted to the young vampire gentleman next to her.Thats Isolation and Mentally Disturbed, the vampire gentleman shouted back. Dont go that way.I have to Do I need a rouge?Yes, but Do you have a key?Yes, but Give it to me nowI cant do that, he wailed in a way that re creative thinkered her of Bonnie at her most difficult.All right. SageMadame?Send Talon back to pull at this mans eyes out. He wont give me the key to Stefans wardAs good as done, MadameW-wait I cha-changed my mind. Heres the key The vampire fished through a ring of keys and handed one to her.It looked like the other keys on his ring. too much alike, Elenas suspicious mind said.SageMadame Can you wait till I pass with cut? I want him to tear the you-know-what off this guy if hes lied to me.Of course, MadameW-w-w-wait, gasped the vampire. It was clear that he was completely terrified. I may may have given you the wrong key in this this light Give me the right key and tell me anything I need to know or Ill have the dog backtrack you and kill you, Elena said, and at that moment, she meant it.H-here. This time the key didnt look like a key. It was round, slightly convex, with a hole in the middle. Like a donut thats been sat on by a police officer, part of Elenas mind said, and began laughing hysterically.Shut up, she told her mind sharply.SageMadame?Can Talon see the man Im holding by the hair? She had to go on tiptoe to grasp him.But of course, MadameCan she remember him? If I cant find Stefan I want her to show him to saber so he can track him.Uhahgot it, MadameA hand, dripping blood from the wrist, lifted a falcon high, at the same time as there was a serendipitous crash from the top of the building.The vampire was almost sobbing. Turn r-right at the n-next right. Use the k-key in the slot at h-head height to g-get into the corridor. There m-may be guards there. Butif if you dont have a key to the individual cell you want Im sorry, but I do I have the cell key and I know what to do after that Thank you, youve been very kind and helpful.Elena let go of the vampires hair.Sage Damon Bonnie Look for a corridor, locked, going right. Then dont get swept away. Sage, hold Bonnie and have Saber bark like crazy. Bonnie, hold on to Meredith in front of the guys. The corridor leads to StefanElena never knew how much any one of her allies heard of this message, sent by voice and telepathy. But ahead she heard a sound that to her was like choirs of angels singing.Saber was barking madly.Elena would never have been able to stop by herself. She was in a risky river of people and the raging river was taking her right around the barrier made by four people, a falcon, and a mad-seeming dog.But eight hands reached out to her as she was swept by and a snarling, snapping muzzle leaped ahead of her to appoint the crowd. Somehow she was being run into, bruised, cradled, shoved, and, grasped and grasping, forced all the way to the right wall.But Sage was sounding at that same wall in despair. Madame, he tricked you There is no keyhole hereElenas throat went raw. She vigilant to shout, Saber, heel, and go after the vampire.But then, just below her, Bonnies voice said, Of course there is. Its shaped like a circle.And Elena remembered.Smaller guards. Like imps or monkeys. Bonnies size.Bonnie, take this Shove it into the hole. Be careful Its the only one weve got.Sage immediately directed Saber to stand and snarl just ahead of Bonnie in the tunnel, to keep the stream of panicked demons and vampires from jostling her.Carefully, solemnly, Bonnie took the large key, examined it, cocked her head, turned it in her hands and set it in the wall.Nothings happeningTry turning or pushing Click.The door slid open.Elena and her group more or less fell into the corridor, while Saber stood between them and the herd pound ing by, barking and snapping and leaping.Elena, lying on the ground, legs entwined with who-knew-who-elses, cupped a hand around her ring.The fox eyes shone straight ahead and a bit to the right.They were shining into a cell ahead.